Encephalitis or Chamki fever :Current hottest disaster

ENCEPHALITIS OR CHAMKI FEVER : CURRENT HOTTEST DISASTER

Encephalitis is also called Chamki fever.It has snatched the lives of many children and young ones in Bihar,a state of our country, India.So, now a days it is the hottest disaster before us.We, all are so much curious to know, what is Chamki fever or Encephalitis? What are the causes of this fever and how can we save ourselves from this fetal disease.So here,is the solution of all your curiosity about chamki fever.

WHAT IS ENCEPHALITIS OR CHAMKI FEVER?



ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME (AES)  is highly serious public health problem in India.It is also known as ACUTE VIRAL ENCEPHALITIS and in Hindi Chamki fever.The name chamki fever means fever condition related with a seizure.It is an inflammation caused in the layers of tissue or membrane covering the brain.ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME explicits as an acute-onset of fever and a mental condition of a person changed in confusion,dis-orientation,delirium or coma.The affected individual may experience seizures.

TYPES OF ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME :


There are two types of ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME :

• Primary Acute Encephalitis Syndrome

• Secondary Acute Encephalitis Syndrome

PRIMARY ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME : Primary Acute Encephalitis Syndrome take                                                                                              place when the virus or other agent infects the                                                                                          brain straightly. 

SECONDARY ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME :   Secondary Acute Encephalitis Syndrome                                                                                                   take place because of weak immune                                                                                                         system's reaction to an infection else                                                                                                          where in the body.


Any brain disease can not be denominated as Chamki fever.

It can be of different types  :

• ENCEPHALITIS : Brain inflammation due to virus is called  ENCEPHALITIS.

• MENINGITIS   : Swelling of the protective layer of spinal-cord and brain is called  MENINGITIS.

• ENCEPHALOPATHY  : The brain disease that can alter the brain structure and function is called                                                  ENCEPHALOPATHY. 

• CEREBRAL MALARIA  : Several kinds of neurological complications or malarial infection.

•  

TIME, WHEN  ENCEPHALITIS OR  CHAMKI FEVER SPREADS :


ENCEPHALITIS can be happen at any time of the year but this awful disease mostly straighten   out broadly in the month between  April and June.

WHO ARE AT THE HIGHEST RISK OF CHAMKI FEVER ?



ENCEPHALITIS OR CHAMKI FEVER can be happened in any age but it especially  affects the children and the young adults of the age group of  1-10. It mostly  harms the children who live in
rural areas because the virus of  ENCEPHALITIS is present in these area.So,the children living in that region are at the high risk of chamki fever.The most common targets of the chamki fever are the children with weak immune system who already have HIV/AIDS,and are undernourished with a history of consuming litchis from the near by orchards.

IS ENCEPHALITIS IS A CONTAGIOUS DISEASE?


No, ENCEPHALITIS   is not a contagious disease.But the virus that cause ENCEPHALITIS   can be.Also, if a person has virus that does not mean that he or she will develop encephalitis.



SYMPTOMS OF ENCEPHALITIS OR CHAMKI FEVER :


Some of the prominent and most common symptoms of Encephalitis are as follows :

• High fever
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

• Headache

                     

• Sensitivity to light

• Personality changes

• Stiff neck and back

• Vomiting

• Memory loss

• Mental confusion
  

• Nausea

• Delirium

• Hallucination

• In severe cases,seizure,paralysis and coma.
• 
  

CAUSES OF DEADLY ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME OR CHAMKI FEVER :



VIRUSES : Viruses are said to be the main usual cause of ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS                                                SYNDROME.Other sources like bacteria,fungus,parasites,toxins and non-infectious                             agents are also may be the cause of ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME. 



JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS : JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS is the significant                                                                          cause of ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROM. The percentage of this agent ranges form 5-35 percent.This virus is spread by mosquitoes and it is a kind of flavivirus.Nipah virus and Zika virus are also said to be the cause of ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME in some cases.


THE OTHER AGENTS CAUSING CHAMKI FEVER ARE :

• Simplex virus

• Influenza virus

• Mumps

• Dengue

• West parvovirus

• Nile virus

• Measles

• Enterovirus

• Chandipura virus

• Scrub typhus

• S pneumonia

IS LITCHI  FRUIT IS THE CAUSE OF CHAMKI FEVER ? 


It is investigated that the litchi fruit is also a cause of chamki fever.The malnourished children who eats the litchis and sleep without having any food are affected with chamki fever in
the pre monsoon season in the early mornings.Scientists tried to set up a relationship between low blood glucose level observed in poor and malnourished children who slept with an empty
stomach and toxic chemical known as METHYLENE CYCLO PROPYL-GLYCINE (MCPG) from litchi.This toxic chemical affects the brain.

INVESTIGATION OF THE CAUSE OF CHAMKI FEVER :


Yet, this litchi theory disgraced freshly .Now, the studies point out that the environmental factors are the cause of chamki fever. Heat wave

     

and the poor rainfall

are the top two reason of chamki fever.


PREVENTION OF ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME OR CHMAKI FEVER : 


Precautions are needed to be taken to prevent Encephalitis.Vaccination is advised as the most dependable preventive measure for Encephalitis.we should follow these step to protect ourselves
from ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME.

• Wash your hands often with soap,before and after having meals,and after using toilet.

• Keep the vaccination of your children up to date.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

• Use mosquito repellent on the open part of  the body and wear long sleeved clothes.

TREATMENT OF ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME OR CHAMKI FEVER : 


So far no cure has been discovered for chamki fever.The person affected by ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME, must be treated urgently to avoid severe complications.Though, there is no cure acclaimed for this disease,there are secure and successful vaccines are available today to prevent Chamki fever.

• Children suffering from chamki fever should be kept in the INTENSIVE CARE UNIT to avoid any large disaster.
  
  
         

• Doctors should watch their blood pressure,heart-rate,breathing and body fluids to prevent swelling of the brain.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

• Corticosteroids are also given to the patient to reduce swelling of the brain. 

• Encephalitis can also be treated by Anti-viral drugs.

• Encephalitis or Chamki fever can be treated with Anti -flammatory drugs including Ibuprofen,Acetaminophen and Naporoxen Sodium to reduce headache and temperature. 

   

• \    Anti-Convulsants might be given to a child having seizures.

• Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines can help with fever and headaches.

• Mild  ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME can be treated by bed rest and plenty of fluid intake.

• Most of the cases of ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME get resolved in a few days but some severe cases may take few weeks to recover.

         However, you should not take any medication without consulting a doctor.



SO,FINALLY WE CAME TO KNOW THE TYPES, SYMPTOMS, PREVENTION, CAUSES AND TREATMENTS OF ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME OR CHAMKI FEVER.



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